The department of Seine St. Denis is often used as reference to discuss the problems and its suburbs. Far preconceptions exacerbated since the 2005 riots, Yamina Benguigui brings to this debate in a historical society which highlights the decades of policy mistakes. To understand how the 93 became a ghetto ignored and stigmatized, Yamina Benguigui traces its history from the mid 19th century, a period of intense industrialization Paris. To avoid pollution in the heart of the capital, the state relocates north-east of Paris. The region became the first European industrial cluster where Parisians will then elect provincial home. The shortage of workers due to casualties of two world wars will then attracted the first foreign populations. In the 60s, the majority of people from Italy, Spain and North Africa.
This flow will force the French government to quickly build housing to accommodate this new population. Will arise when an urban policy focusing on the construction of large assemblies. The end of industrialization and the various economic crises lead the department on a downward slope where jobs, housing and education become the main concerns of the people most precarious despite the wealth of the Seine-Saint-Denis.
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